What does the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the U.S. Constitution ensure?

The Privileges and Immunities Clause, found in Article IV, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, is designed to promote equality among the citizens of different states. It mandates that a state cannot discriminate against citizens of other states when it comes to certain fundamental rights. This means that citizens from one state, when visiting or moving to another state, must be afforded the same legal rights and protections as the residents of that state.

This clause supports the idea of national unity and fairness by ensuring that individual rights are maintained across state lines, preventing states from enacting laws that could unduly disadvantage or discriminate against out-of-state residents. Thus, the correct choice clearly reflects the intent behind the Privileges and Immunities Clause by emphasizing equal treatment of citizens regardless of their state of origin.