What is the doctrine of "stare decisis"?

The doctrine of "stare decisis" is fundamentally about the obligation of judges to adhere to established legal precedents when making decisions in new cases. This principle ensures that similar cases are judged in a consistent manner, promoting stability and predictability in the law. By following previous rulings, often from higher courts, judges reinforce the integrity of the legal system and help create a uniform application of the law across similar factual scenarios.

This practice not only provides guidance for judges but also allows individuals and organizations to rely on established case law when navigating legal matters. When individuals understand that legal precedents will likely guide a judge's decision, they can better plan their actions and assess risks in legal contexts. This promotes fairness and prevents arbitrary outcomes in judicial processes.

The other options listed do not accurately represent the essence of "stare decisis." The first option suggests that judges can create new laws, which contradicts the principle of respecting established precedents. The third option implies a more procedural focus, and while trials have their own guidelines, "stare decisis" is specifically about precedent. The fourth option refers to the appeals process, which is distinct from the application of precedent in trial court decisions.